3.1 2025-02-04 und-Arab 6.2.0 The Unicode Standard, Version 1.1 The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0 The Unicode Standard, Version 4.1 The Unicode Standard, Version 5.1 The Unicode Standard, Version 6.0 The Unicode Standard, Version 6.1 RFC 5564 Linguistic Guidelines for the Use of the Arabic Language in Internet Domains https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5564 Omniglot, “Hausa” https://omniglot.com/writing/hausa.htm Omniglot, “Kashmiri” https://omniglot.com/writing/kashmiri.htm Omniglot, “Kazakh” https://omniglot.com/writing/kazakh.htm Omniglot, “Khowar” https://omniglot.com/writing/khowar.htm Omniglot, “Kirghiz” https://omniglot.com/writing/kirghiz.htm Omniglot, “Kurdish” https://omniglot.com/writing/kurdish.htm Omniglot, “Malay” https://omniglot.com/writing/malay.htm Omniglot, “Pashto” https://omniglot.com/writing/pashto.htm Omniglot, “Persian(Farsi)” https://omniglot.com/writing/persian.htm Omniglot, “Saraiki” https://omniglot.com/writing/saraiki.htm Omniglot, “Sindhi” https://omniglot.com/writing/sindhi.htm Omniglot, “Urdu” https://omniglot.com/writing/urdu.htm Omniglot, “Wolof” https://omniglot.com/writing/wolof.htm Omniglot, “Uyghur” https://omniglot.com/writing/uyghur.htm Unicode, Kashmiri, Yeh https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2009/09215-kashmiri.pdf Unicode, Chad ANT, pp. 19-20 https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2010/10288r-arabic-proposal.pdf Unicode, DPLN, p.21 https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2010/10288r-arabic-proposal.pdf Unicode, Jawi and Moroccan Arabic GAF, https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2003/03176-gafs.pdf Unicode, Chadian, p.5 https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2010/10288r-arabic-proposal.pdf Wolof, Paul Timothy https://paul-timothy.net/pages/ajamisenegal/primers/je_sais_le_wolofal_harmattan_20-oct-2015_a4.pdf Hausa, pp. 261-289 Warren-Rothlin, Andy (2014): West African scripts and Arabic-script orthographies in socio-political context. Meikal Mumin, Kees (C.) H. Versteegh (Eds.): The Arabic script in Africa. Studies in the use of a writing system. Leiden, Boston: Brill (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics, 71) Mandika, Bamana, pp. 225-260 Vydrin, Valentin Feodos’evich; Dumestre, Gérard (2014): Manding Ajami samples. In Meikal Mumin, Kees (C.) H. Versteegh (Eds.): The Arabic script in Africa. Studies in the use of a writing system. Leiden, Boston: Brill (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics, 71) Ethiopian, Wetter, Andreas (2006): Arabic in Ethiopia. In Kees (C.) H. Versteegh (Ed.): Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics. Volume I. A-Ed, vol. 2. With assistance of Mushira Eid, Alaa Elgibali, Manfred Woidich, Andrzej Zaborski. Leiden: E. J. Brill, pp. 51-56. Western Arabic, Qaf with three dots above, city of Gabes, Tunisia Urdu, Heh goal with hamza above, Section 3 in https://www.columbia.edu/~mk2580/urdu_section/handouts/izafat.pdf Urdu, Teh marbuta goal, Code point UZT 76 of Urdu Zabta Takhti 1.01, the official code page standard for Govt. of Pakistan, approved in 2001; see https://cle.org.pk/Publication/papers/2001/uzt1.01.pdf Kurdish-Sorani, p.7 in https://www.fas.harvard.edu/~iranian/Sorani/sorani_1_grammar.pdf Wolof, Beh with dot below and three dots above, “Wolofal Orthography” by Galen Currah, revised 20 May 2011 Malay, Jawi Keyboard standard by Department of Standards Malaysia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawi_keyboard (Accessed on 13 November 2015) Ajami usage, “Language planning in West Africa - who writes the script?” by Friederike Lüpke; https://www.elpublishing.org/docs/1/02/ldd02_08.pdf Scott Clark, “Alphabet and Orthography Statement For Fulfulde [FUB] Ajamiya”, SIL, Yaoundé, Cameroon, 2007, https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/11/59/46/115946668959791144133440092187534320035/AlphabetandOrthographyStatementforFulfuldeFUBAjamiyafortheinternet.pdf (Accessed on June 17 2019) Hausa, Newspapers and books published in Hausa using Arabic script, https://aflang.humanities.ucla.edu/language-materials/chadic-languages/hausa/hausa-online-grammar/pronunciation-writing/hausa-writing/ Kyrgyz, https://www.ethnologue.com/language/kir Kyrgyz, https://www.ethnologue.com/country/CN/languages Urdu, https://www.bbc.com/urdu Wikipedia: “Kyrgyz alphabets”, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh_alphabets (accessed on 13 November 2015) Malay, Information technology - Jawi Coded Character Set for Information Interchange MS 2443:2012, Department of Standards, Malaysia. https://www.jsm.gov.my Pashto Academy Peshawar University Kurdish, https://kurdpress.com/ Internet Architecture Board (IAB), “IAB Statement on Identifiers and Unicode 7.0.0” https://www.iab.org/documents/correspondence-reports-documents/2015-2/iab-statement-on-identifiers-and-unicode-7-0-0/ An introduction to Latin-Script Uyghur: by Waris Abdukerim Janbaz ,State Library of Victoria, 2006, https://docplayer.net/42224797-An-introduction-to-latin-script-uyghur.html Torwali online and printed dictionaries Wikipedia: “Jawi keyboard” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawi_keyboard (Accessed on 13 November 2015) Wikipedia: “Saraiki alphabet” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saraiki_alphabet (Accessed on 13 November 2015) ANT (Alphabet National du Tchad) is the national standard for Chad/Tchad; See Figures in L2/10-288R (used for “tr” sound as given in the table in Section 6.1.2): https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2010/10288r-arabic-proposal.pdf and Appendix B Wolof, https://www.openbookpublishers.com/htmlreader/978-1-78374-062-8/11.Ngom.xhtml RFC 5891, Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA): Protocol https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5891 RFC 5893, Right-to-Left Scripts for Internationalized Domain Names for Applications (IDNA) https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5893 Omniglot Arabic https://www.omniglot.com/writing/arabic.htm The Unicode Consortium, Common Locale Data Repository.- CLDR Version 28 (2015-09-16)- Locale Data Summary for Arabic (ar)- https://www.unicode.org/cldr/charts/28/summary/ar.html Wikipedia Arabic alphabet https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_alphabet accessed 2015-10-31 Saudi Network Information Center (.sa, Saudi Arabia ccTLD) https://www.iana.org/domains/idn-tables/tables/sa_ar_2.0.pdf 0629 0643 0649 06A9-06AA 06BE 06C1-06C3 06CC